Cervical Cancer: Prevention is Key

Cervical cancer is one of the few completely preventable cancers, so increased awareness and regular cervical cancer screenings are crucial.  According to Dr. Adriana Guigova, a medical oncologist-hematologist at New York Cancer and Blood  Specialists, the primary risk factors for cervical cancer include HPV positivity, multiple sexual partners, smoking history, and lack of routine Pap smears. 

"When you see the gynecologist and they test for HPV, they are testing for the high-risk strains that have a causative relationship with cervical cancer," explains Dr. Guigova. "It is a virus that causes cervical cancer, and hence now we have a vaccine to prevent it." Cervical cancer screening involves a simple Pap smear. If abnormal cells are detected, the frequency of screenings increases from annual to semi-annual visits. Further procedures such as colposcopy and LEEP may be performed if needed to remove precancerous cells. 

Dr. Guigova emphasizes that "cervical cancer is highly preventable from a screening standpoint," which is why there are higher rates of cervical cancer in regions where screening is not readily available. 

By the time symptoms appear, which usually include abnormal bleeding, pain, or abdominal distension, there's often already significant tumor burden present. Over 50% of patients dismiss early symptoms as normal menstrual irregularities, which highlights the critical importance of regular screenings. If cancer is diagnosed, a PET scan- a whole body scan- is typically used for staging. Treatment options vary by stage, with radiation playing a key role in early stages, often combined with chemotherapy. 

At New York Cancer and Blood Specialists, patients benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. While gynecologists handle screenings, the facility offers collaboration with surgical oncologists and radiation oncologists as needed, with the ability to provide all treatments on an outpatient basis. 

"We work alongside the gynecologist in terms of finding ways to help the immune system and the body's strength to suppress the HPV virus," says Dr. Guigova "and just guide and assure that patients go for their screenings and stress the importance of what cancer could do." 

With cervical cancer being entirely preventable through proper screening and the HPV vaccine, the message is clear: regular gynecological check-ups and appropriate preventive measures can save lives. 

For more information or to schedule a consultation, contact call 631-751-3000, or visit nycancer.com.